Nicaragua: Defiance in face of torture

Persecution of religious groups is rising in Nicaragua, with harassment, surveillance and restrictions imposed on many believers, according to new research.

A report released by Christian Solidarity Worldwide (CSW) revealed that 309 cases infringing on the Freedom of Religion or Belief (FoRB) were recorded by researchers during 2025, with 108 involving Protestants, continuing a concerning trend from previous years. Many involved in such cases were forced to leave the country and denied re-entry or imprisoned in “inhumane” conditions.

Despite Roman Catholicism having long been the dominant religious tradition in the Central American nation, co-Presidents Daniel Ortega and Rosario Murillo (who are married) have, along with the left-wing Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN), overseen an increase in restrictions and monitoring of religious groups.

The report revealed how “precautionary measures” were increasingly taken against religious leaders last year, with many forced to report on planned activities to local police stations every week and gain permission to travel out of their local areas.

Additionally, religious processions are increasingly being banned, while other previously public events are now only permitted to go ahead on church premises and only with police permission. Furthermore, even activities within religious buildings are monitored; leaders must avoid certain subjects, with those deemed critical of the state liable to jail terms or exile.

The report made several recommendations to improve the worsening situation. These included the immediate release of imprisoned religious leaders, the restoration of citizenship to those from whom it has been removed, and a commitment to no longer interfere with religious activities.

CSW Director of Advocacy Anna Lee Stangl told en: “Despite the potentially severe consequences, including detention in conditions amounting to torture or forced exile and loss of citizenship, Nicaraguans, including many religious leaders, continue to resist the repressive regime of Daniel Ortega and Rosario Murillo.

“As individuals we must find ways to encourage them that they are not alone. The international community, especially those countries near Nicaragua, must also take a strong stance in support of respect for human rights, including freedom of religion or belief, and the restoration of democracy.”