Gonorrhoea cases increased the most – by 26%, the largest number since 1978. Syphilis rose by 5%. High-risk groups include young people and men who have sex with men. The number of gonorrhoea cases has been increasing for years among both men and women, despite repeated warnings from public health doctors about the risks of unprotected sex. Gonorrhoea can cause ser-ious long-term health problems, including infertility in women.